IELTSライティング┃タスク1グラフ＆表問題【解答例付き】

1. 図や表の分析
2. 地図問題／都市や公共施設の移り変わり
3. プロセスマップ

The bar chart shows different methods of waste disposal in four cities; Toronto, Madrid, Kuala Lumpur and Amman. 
Summarize the information by describing the main features of the chart and making comparisons where appropriate.

イントロダクション：問題文の言い換え

The given bar chart illustrates various ways of disposing of waste, namely,  landfill, incineration, recycling, and composting in four cities.

まとめ：特徴をまとめる

As being observed from the chart, landfill was the most popular method of waste disposal used in Toronto and Amman, while other cities chose incineration as the most effective solution for disposing of waste. 

詳細1：数字を入れた詳細1

In particular, landfill disposed of about 75 percent and 50 percent of total waste in Toronto and Amman respectively. Meanwhile, the figures for Madrid and Kuala Lumpur were approximately 30 percent and 17 percent each. Besides, those two countries had the largest proportion of the total waste disposed by incineration, followed by Amman and Toronto. 

詳細2：数字を入れた詳細2

By comparison, Madrid and Kuala Lumpur had the largest percentage of total waste solved by a method called recycling with over 20 percent , being above two times higher than those of the others. Interestingly, compositing was the least popular among four given method of waste disposal in all the cities with below 10%.

The graph below gives information from a 2008 report about consumption of energy in the USA since 1980 with projections until 2030.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. 

イントロダクション：問題文の言い換え

The chart compares the amount of six different kinds of energy consumed in the USA since 1980 followed by a prediction until 2030.

まとめ：特徴をまとめる

As a whole, petrol and oil were consumed the most and this trend is projected to continue in the future.  In addition, while there is an upward trend in the amounts of petrol and oil, coal and natural gas , that of nuclear, solar and hydropower will remain more or less unchanged.

詳細1：数字を入れた詳細1

In more detail, the figure for petrol and oil dropped to 30 quadrillion units in 1985. It increased significantly from 1985 to 2015 and is anticipated to reach a peak of over 50 quadrillion units in 2030. Similarly, there was a fall of approximately 3 quadrillion units in the amount of natural gas consumed in 1985. This figure is predicted to remain at 24 quadrillions in2030, compared to a dramatic rise by 15 quadrillions in the figure for coal.

詳細2：数字を入れた詳細2

On the other hand, the amounts of nuclear, solar and hydropower were about 4 quadrillion units in 1980. However, nuclear and solar are forecast to reach 6 and 5 quadrillion respectively until 2030 while hydropower fluctuated from 1980 to 2015 and is expected to stabilize at 3 quadrillion units in 2030. 

The two graphs show the main sources of energy in the USA in the 1980s and 1990s.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

イントロダクション：問題文の言い換え

The two pie charts give data on the percentages of several main energy sources from 1980s to 1990s in the USA.

まとめ：特徴をまとめる

Overall, there were predominant proportions allocated to oil during the 1980s as well as 1990s. Moreover the percentages of the remaining sources remained relatively unchanged over the period.

詳細1：数字を入れた詳細1

During the 1980s,  42% of total main energy sources were reported to be oil, whereas 5% of unclear power was utilized for generating energy. However, a decade later, there was a moderate reduction of 9% to 33% in the proportion of oil usage. meanwhile, the figure doubled to 10% for nuclear energy in the 1990s.

詳細2：数字を入れた詳細2

Apart from that, the consumption of natural gas inconsiderably decreased by 1% during those years,  and 5% for hydroelectric power remained the same. Moreover, a slight increaser of 5% can be observed in coal utilization, to 27% in the 1900s.

The table shows that worldwide market share of the mobile phone market for manufacturers in the years 2005 and 2006.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

第1段落のイントロ： 　問題文の言い換え

イントロダクション：問題文の言い換え

The diagram illustrates the mobile phone producers in terms of their share of global market in the years of 2005 and 2006.

まとめ：特徴をまとめる

It is immediately apparent that Nokia was the largest market share in both years. While the percentage of market share of Nokia, Motorola and Sony Ericson increased, that of the remainder companies fell.

詳細1：数字を入れた詳細1

As can be seen from the table,  Motorola experienced the highest growth which rose by 3.4% from 17.7% in 2005 to 21.1% in 2006. Also, there was a slight increase in the percentage of the market share of Nokia and Sony Ericson which went up from 32.5% and 6.3% in 2005 to 35% and 7.4% in 2006, respectively.

詳細2：数字を入れた詳細2

In a stark contrast, BenQ Mobile witnessed a moderate decline from 4.9% in 2005 to 2.4% in 2006, a fall of 2.5% from the pervious year.  Similarly, Samsung and LG went down marginally to 11.8% and 6.3% in 2006 in that order. Finally, there was a dip in the market share of other companies by 3% to 16.2% in 2006.

• take over(動詞) ：～を上回る
  【例】Japan took over the winning cap slowly from 1995 onwards.
• reach a peak of / peak(動詞) ： ～のピークに達する
  【例】The number of viewers reached a peak of 3.8 million.
  　　　The number of viewers peaked at 3.8 million.
• fluctuate(動詞)：上下する・変動する
  【例】The number of travelers then fluctuated over the next nine years.
  
• level off/ level out(動詞)：水平になる・横這いになる
  【例】The rate is expected to level off till the end of the current century.
• plateau(動詞) ：(急激に上がった後）水平になる・横這いになる
  【例】The number plateaued from 2013 to 2015 at 1.5 million.
• outnumber(動詞) ：(数で）上回る
  【例】female graduates outnumbered male students.
• recover(動詞) ：回復する
  【例】The spending recovered slowly but comparatively steadily.
• remain steady (stable / constant / unchanged / static) (動詞) ：安定している
  【例】The number of local students reached at approximately 60000 and remained steady for the next 4 years.
• tail off(動詞) ：（次第に）小さくなる・弱くなる
  【例】Between 2011 and 2020, it is anticipated to tail off, at about 9%.
• double(動詞) ：2倍になる
  【例】The lunch sales doubled from £4000 to £8000.
• halve(動詞) ：半減する
  【例】The amount of export revenue halved from 1990 to 2000.
• edge up(動詞) ：ジリジリと上昇する
  【例】New home prices edge up slightly in July.
  

• twofold：2倍に
  【例】Internet users  increased more than twofold from 1979 to 1989.
• slightly / negligibly / marginally：わずかに
  【例】The museum visitors has grown slightly.
• steadily / constantly：堅実に
  【例】The sales rose steadily in 2010.
• significantly / considerably / dramatically / markedly / drastically /noteceably：劇的に
  【例】the population of the young dramatically declined to 30% of the total.
• sharply / steeply / rapidly：急激に
  【例】the figure has gone up sharply.
• moderately / modestly：緩やかに
  【例】the number of visitors moderately recovered.
• gradually：徐々に
  【例】the ratio of federal government debt then gradually fell to a little above 31 percent in 2008.

• account for(動詞) ：～を占める
  【例】food accounts for 60% of the total income.
• make up(動詞) ：～を占める
  【例】food makes up 60% of the total income.
• give information on：～の情報を与える
  【例】the table gives information on the income disparity.
• One of the noticeable changes is ：一つの顕著な変化は
  【例】One of the noticeable changes(features) is that
• compared to：～と比較して
  【例】The figure increased by 45％ compared to that in 1969.
• followed by：～が後に続く
  【例】Asia used the greatest level of water, followed by Southeast Asia.
• respectively (副詞) ：～それぞれ
  【例】at 84% and 79% respectively.
• with different level  ：異なった数値で
  【例】All the kinds of crime changed over 9 years with different level.
• have(show) a downward trend：下降傾向にある
  【例】The number of crime shows a downward trend.
• have(show) an upward trend：上昇傾向にある
  【例】The number of crime had an upward trend.

 【データーの選抜方法】

• データの説明（年齢層、製品の数、人口の割合など） 
• 注目すべき顕著な数字（高値、低値、変動の激しい箇所）
• 全く変わらない同じ数字（同じ数値、変化が見られない箇所）
• 全く逆の傾向
• 類似している傾向

 【書くときの注意点】

1. 明確な導入文の言い換え
2. 情報から読み取った特徴を提示
3. 主な特徴を数値で提示

IELTSライティングのタスク1で出題される図表の説明は、1番出題頻度が高いと言われています。

データ分析で欠かせない対策は、図表の特徴を読み取ることです。高値、低値、変化しない数値など、明らかに他の数値と差があるものは必ず提示しましょう。

タスク1は書き慣れる、表現の仕方を覚えることでスコアアップにつながります。数値を入れた文章の書き方をしっかりと定着させるためにも、タスク1の書く練習は忘れないようにしましょう。